aculties, where as they believe, those matters ought to reside; that. the clergymen have given closer and more loyal attention to corporative duties than the lay members; that clerical control draws students to the Univer- sity from religious families and com- munities, and has been marked by no sectarian abuses or “sacerdotalism,”’ but, on the contrary, by the utmost liberality; and that, if there has been overmuch of deference to the Presi- dent, centralization of authority has its advantages. The opponents of the sys- tem assert, on the other hand, that Yale, which last year in the two lead- ing departments together graduated more Presbyterians and more Episco- palians than Congregationalists, has grown too big to be fettered by sec- tarianism, even though such sectarian- ism is merely formal; that the system has been ultra conservative in too many scholastic and administrative direc- tions; that even abstract sectarianism prejudices the University in the outer world; that the lay members find no encouragement to initiative and action in the face of a clerical majority dom- inated by the President; and that the presidential prerogative “has increased, is increasing, and ought to be dimin- ished.” The facts as to the present scope and practice of presidential authority at Yale are subjects of interest. Under the laws of the Corporation, the Presi- dent is the head of its prudential com- mittee and ex-officio a member of all its committees. In the Academic Fac- ulty by refusing to vote or by his nega- tive vote he has an absolute veto of a majority measure, however large the majority may be. He is President of the departmental faculties and of the Board of Managers of the Yale Obser- vatory, but is not connected officially with Peabody Museum. In the Aca- demic Faculty during the last few years there has been, from time to time, complaint of the presidential preroga- tive. It is stated, for example, that President Porter adopted, as an ir- regular form of veto, a refusal to trans- mit to the Corporation votes of the Faculty, and his controversy with a prominent professor on the use of an alleged heterodox text-book will be re- membered. tained, there is no presidential veto, in the departmental faculties, but depart- mental professors say that any meas- ure opposed strongly by the Presi- dent would probably be dropped. Dur- ing the administration of President Porter he made an attempt in the Scientific School to compel chapel at- tendance by the students, but was re- sisted successfully by the Faculty of the department—an episode which suggests the limitation of the positive power of the President, however large his veto power may be. : Bearing contingently on the question of government of the University is a paragraph of the charter of 1745, which provides that the acts of the President and Fellows shall be laid before the State Legislature as often as required, ‘and may also be repealed or disal- lowed by this assembly (the State Leg- islature) when they shall think proper.” Under this may arise, in times to come, some interesting questions between the Connecticut Legislature and the Uni- versity. ——— The 1828 Class Book. The last Class Book of the Class of Twenty-Eight is a very unusual produc- tion. It is written, compiled and edited by the class secretary, Professor Oli-— ver P. Hubbard, who was cighty-nine years old last March. He has only re- cently finished his work on the book and published it. It has the usual valu- able biographical material and, in addi- tion to that, several pages of reminis- cences of the College in the old days, which are very readable. Besides, there are copies of term bills in the old days, when students weie charged for the reci- tation room fire at the rate of about fifteen cents per term, and an “average damage” charge was laid for glass at fourteen cents. Programs are also given of the exhibition of Society of Brothers in Unity. Following are some of the extracts: “The chapel had square pews along the walls in the galleries for the Faculty, which later gave way to ordinary pews. A distinguished clergyman (Y. C., 1805) preaching in the chapel on original sin, uttered the following sentiment: So far as can be ascer-. YALH ALUMNI ““The fond mother does not realize that the infant in her arms may become a viper in her bosom.’ Dr. Nathan Smith sat in the southwest corner of the gallery, and at once, in protest, took his hat and cane and left the house. The preacher at noon cautiously in- quired of his host, ‘What sort of a man was that, who went out during the service?’ and received in answer: ‘We consider him a man of uncommon good sense.’ “Dr. Fitch preached a very timely ser- mon which was so universally appre- ciated that a meeting of the college was held and a copy requested for publica- tion. The request was declined, “as, if it were thus regarded, he would use it at another time.” STATUTES. “The Class of Twenty-Seven having had Johnson’s colored band from Phil- adelphia for Commencement. and at a reported cost of $800, the trustees limited the cost of music to $50, and on this meager sum Bartlett got up the music, vocal and instrumental, and from college resources. The class felt much disquieted. “Each division of the Freshman class, on entering, presented to. its tutor a handsome velvet upholstered arm chair with table on the right and at his leay- ing a gift of valuable books. “The trustees subsequently ordered that no class should give presents to a tutor. He received it ‘all the saine’ when he demitted his office. “Another statute that no student should give more than $1.00 to any col- lege object. This was charged to a reverend trustee who afterward sent three sons through Yale. SERMON READING. “At the close of senior examination, the junior class occupied their seats in the chapel.and the other classes moved up. Six juniors, according to a custom that came down from a former century, were selected to read. printed sermons at prayers on Sunday evening. “The senior tutor would summon No. 1 to his room aftef Pp. M. service and hand him a printed sermon. He would take his place in the square pew north of the pulpit and after the invocation rise up on a candle box and read ‘ore rotundo.’ Toward the close of senior year, a reader with a voluble tongue and a high-keyed voice raised it to an extraordinary pitch, when a loud whistle was heard pitched on the same note ‘that brought down the house.’ The custom ceased in 1828 and its memory perished. “In the early part of the century an English traveler visited Yale cabinet, and noticed among its curios a two- headed snake, but spoke respectfully of the institution. It was discovered that all the specimens of the mineral king- dom could be packed in a candle box and only Adam (as of old) Seybert in Philadelphia could give names to them. “Chemistry, or ‘the black art,’ was a nonentity, and a dark underground laboratory, with groined arches to con- fine the explosions, was built in 1802 under the west end of the Lyceum and the Freshman recitation rooms. . THEO. G. 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